Foam-like 3D Graphene as a Charge Transport Modifier in Zinc Oxide Electron Transport Material in Perovskite Solar Cells

The effect of foam-like 3D graphene (3DG) in an electron transport material (ETM), viz. ZnO thin film, on the steady-state photoluminescence (PL), light-harvesting efficiency (LHE), photocurrent density (JSC), photovoltage (VOC), and charge parameters perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are systematically investigated. ETM is developed by spin coating a precursor solution containing varying amounts 3DG conducting glass substrates appropriate annealing. A significant improvement photoconversion PSCs observed for low concentration ZnO. current–voltage electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements show that addition enhances VOC due to efficient electron–hole separation compared pristine These studies offer route further advances enhancing optoelectronic properties artificial photosynthesis photocatalysis devices.